B. English Consonants: Place and Manner of Articulation:

Place Of Articulation
Manner of Articulation Labial (lips) Dental (teeth) Palatovelar (palate/roof of mouth) Glottal (vocal folds)
Bilabial Labio-dental Inter-dental Alveo-lar Alveo-palatal Palatal Velar  
Stops: Voiceless

P

    

T

  

K

  
Stops: Voiced

B

    

D

  

G

  
Fricatives: Voiceless

F

TH
bath

S

SH
shun

H
Fricatives:
Voiced

V

TH
bathe

Z

Z
vision

    
Affricates: Voiceless        

CH

    
Affricates:
Voiced		        

J, G
Gem; Judge

    
Nasals:

M

    

N

  

NG
Wing

  
Liquids:
Lateral		      

L

      
Liquids:
Retroflex		      

R

      
Semivowels          

Y

W

  

Affricates: consonantal non-continuant or stop sounds characterized by slow fricative release; the sounds of English ch and j or dg (and sometimes g) are examples.

Fricatives: consonants produced with continuous airflow through the narrowed oral passage and making audible friction, such as in the sound /s/.

Liquids: consonant sounds produced with obstruction but without friction and capable of being produced continuously (like vowels); /r/ and /l/ are liquids.

Nasals: sounds made with airflow through the nasal passage

Semivowels: sounds articulated like vowels but used as consonants

Stops: consonants produced with a momentary but complete closure of airflow through the vocal tract.

Voiced: sounds produced with accompanying vibration of the vocal folds, i.e., /d/, /g/, /b/.

Voiceless: sounds produced without accompanying vibration of the vocal folds, i.e., /t/, /k/, /p/.

Chapter 8. Results of the Tennessee ABE and ESL Survey

Table of Contents to the ESL Start-up Kit

The Center for Literacy Studies

The Tennessee Office of Adult and Community Education